Manure applications combined with chemical fertilizer improves soil functionality, microbial biomass and rice production in a paddy field

The current farming system is highly reliant on synthetic fertilizers, which adversely affect soil quality, the environment, and crop production. Improving productivity a sustainable basis challenging issue in agricultural system. To address this issue, we assumed that combined use of manure chemical fertilizers (CF) could improve rice (Oryza sativa L.) grain yield properties without expense environment. Therefore, 2-yr field experiment was conducted to explore optimal fertilizer management strategies using combination CF organic form cattle (CM) or poultry (PM). Manure added at two levels microbial biomass production, enzyme activities, nutrient content, as well were measured. study consisted six treatments: no N control, 100% (Pos-Con), 60% + 40% (High-CM), 30% 70% fertilizer, fertilizer. Results showed addition significantly increased enzymatic activities such invertase, acid phosphatase (POH), urease, catalase (CAT), ?-glucosidase, cellulase compared sole application. Similarly, application led significant increases C (MBC), (MBN), pH, (SOC), total N, available (AN), P (AP), yield. Average MBC, MBN, SOC AN, AP 0-to-20-cm depth 62.2, 54.5, 29.2, 17.4, 19.8%, respectively, across years High-CM treatment with Pos-Con. In addition, linear regression analysis positively correlated MBC MBN. principal component analyses production played key role higher rice. Overall, results demonstrate paddy fields be beneficial for farmers southern China by improving functionality basis.